Travelers can expect many changes when it comes to traveling to the UK. Specifically, the United Kingdom has launched its Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) system. In particular, this digital pre-travel requirement enhances border security and streamlines entry at UK airports, including Heathrow. If you’re visiting the UK, then it’s vital you know how the UK ETA impacts the airport check-in process.
Whether you’re visiting for leisure, business, or a family visit, we break it down in this guide.
What Is the UK ETA?
The UK ETA is a digital travel authorisation required for non-visa nationals entering the United Kingdom.
Overall, it works similarly to the US ESTA or the EU’s upcoming ETIAS. It allows the UK government to pre-screen visitors before they arrive. To clarify, the ETA is not a visa. Nevertheless, it’s mandatory.
So, who needs it? Travelers from eligible countries that do not require a UK visa but are not UK or Irish citizens must apply.
How do you apply? Online. Correspondingly, you’ll need your passport, travel details, and a payment method.
Once approved, the ETA links electronically to your passport. It is valid for multiple short visits over two years or until your passport expires.
If you plan to transit through the UK, then you may still need an ETA—depending on your nationality and destination. As of April 2025, though, ETA is not mandatory for transiting passengers. However, this rule can change at any time.
ETA & Airport Check-In
The ETA isn’t just for border control. Overall, it affects your entire airport journey, starting at check-in.
Airlines are required to verify your ETA before allowing you to board a flight to the UK. As such, if you arrive at the airport without a valid ETA, then staff may not allow you to check-in or board the aircraft. Correspondingly, this is why applying for your ETA at least 72 hours before your flight is essential.
Check-in staff may ask to see proof of ETA approval. Some systems verify this digitally using your passport number. However, others may need manual confirmation.
Hence, to avoid last-minute stress, carry a printed or digital copy of your ETA approval email.
Without it, check-in could be delayed or denied—especially if airline systems can’t automatically verify your status.
Flying into Heathrow Airport
Heathrow is the UK’s busiest airport and a key international hub. As such, if you’re flying into Heathrow, the ETA process is tightly integrated. ETA checks start with your airline during check-in and continue at the UK border.
Upon arrival, travelers with valid ETAs may use eGates, depending on their nationality and passport type. These automated gates scan your face and passport for faster processing.
The following nationalities are eligible for the eGates:
- British citizens
- Nationals of an EU country, Australia, Canada, Iceland, Japan, Liechtenstein, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, South Korea, Switzerland or the USA
- Members of the Registered Traveller Service.
If you do not qualify for eGate use, then you may need to queue for manual inspection. This applies especially if you are traveling with children under 12 or with certain passport types.
Heathrow staff are trained to assist travelers with ETA-related questions. Nevertheless, it’s best to come prepared.
In addition, flight delays, long queues, or system glitches can cause extra stress. As such, the best strategy is to ensure ample preparation.
Common Check-In Concerns
What happens authorities deny your ETA?
If authorities deny your ETA, then you won’t be allowed to board a flight to the UK. In that case, apply for a visa.
Can you apply for a UK ETA at the airport?
No, you cannot apply for a UK ETA at the airport. Instead, you must complete the application in advance. In addition, approval is not instant.
Moreover, mistakes happen. If you enter incorrect details—like a wrong passport number—then you must apply again. There’s no editing once you submit the application.
Also, do not rely on airline staff to fix ETA errors. The responsibility lies with you as the traveler.
What documents should you bring?
Always carry your valid passport and a copy of your ETA approval. Keep both handy at check-in and arrival.
If you’re traveling with a group or family, then make sure each member has a separate ETA.
Tips for A Smooth Check-In
Preparation is key. As such, here’s a quick checklist to make your check-in stress-free:
- Apply for your UK ETA at least three days before flying.
- Use the same passport you applied with.
- Double-check your flight details and passport number during application.
- Carry a copy of your ETA approval, whether it be digital or printed.
- Arrive at the airport early—especially during peak travel times.
Security and check-in lines can take longer with families. As such, if you’re flying with children, then arrive even earlier.
Some airlines may ask for your ETA confirmation email. Meanwhile, others might verify it silently using your passport.
Don’t assume your airline handles everything. Always confirm your ETA status yourself before heading to the airport.
Final Thoughts
Traveling to the UK is changing with the ETA system, but it doesn’t have to be stressful.
Apply early, double-check your details, and give yourself time at the airport. Whether you’re flying into Heathrow or another UK hub, preparation will keep your journey smooth.
The ETA is here to stay. Treat it like your boarding pass—without it, you’re not going anywhere.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long is the ETA valid?
The UK ETA is valid for two years or or until your passport expires, whichever comes first.
Can children travel on a parent’s ETA?
No, they cannot. Each traveler, including children, needs their own approved ETA.
What if I make a mistake on my ETA?
If you make an error in your UK ETA application, then you’ll need to submit a new application. There’s no way to edit once it’s submitted.
Do I need an ETA to transit in Heathrow?
As of April 2025, passengers transiting through Heathrow do not need to obtain an ETA.
Do I need to go through immigration for a connecting flight at Heathrow?
If you arrive on an international flight with a connecting domestic flight, then going through immigration is not necessary.
Do I need to check-in again to connect to an international flight at Heathrpow?
It will depend on your airline. Generally, luggage are automatically checked-in so it arrives at your final destination. But not all flights offer this service. Hence, it’s best to check with your airline.
What happens if I miss my connecting flight?
If you miss your connecting flight, your airline will typically assist you by putting you on a next available flight. However, if that flight is already fully booked, then you may need to stand by in case there are no-show passengers.
How do I check-in for a connecting flight via British Airways?
If you don’t have a boarding pass for your connecting flight, then you may need to check-in your luggage.
Photo by Marvin Meyer on Unsplash
